Description
The analysis covers energy, environment, economy and energy poverty. DHC subsystems and PED components are modelled as interconnected nodes, so that contributions from, among others, heat production, storage, distribution, buildings, solar energy, heat pumps, waste heat and energy efficiency can be tracked and normalised. An energy poverty index integrates affordability, adequacy and equity. The method is validated with operational data, laboratory tests, scenarios and co-creation in Stockholm as well as cases in Latvia, Italy and Austria. The results are an open SPA tool, integration guidelines, scaling strategies and quantitative KPIs for PED assessment and EU taxonomy.
Financiers
